diff --git a/app/(dashboard)/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/page.tsx b/app/(dashboard)/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/page.tsx
index b78418b..26aace5 100644
--- a/app/(dashboard)/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/page.tsx
+++ b/app/(dashboard)/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/page.tsx
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ interface Comment {
   replies: {
     id: string;
     content: string | null;
+    voiceUrl: string | null;
+    voiceDuration: number | null;
     createdAt: string;
     author: { id: string; name: string | null; image: string | null } | null;
     guestName: string | null;
@@ -133,6 +135,19 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
   const [commentText, setCommentText] = useState('');
   const [isSubmittingComment, setIsSubmittingComment] = useState(false);
   const [isRecording, setIsRecording] = useState(false);
+  const [recordingTime, setRecordingTime] = useState(0);
+  const [audioBlob, setAudioBlob] = useState<Blob | null>(null);
+  const [isUploadingAudio, setIsUploadingAudio] = useState(false);
+  const [playingVoiceId, setPlayingVoiceId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [voiceProgress, setVoiceProgress] = useState(0);
+  const [voiceCurrentTime, setVoiceCurrentTime] = useState(0);
+  const [voicePlaybackRate, setVoicePlaybackRate] = useState(1);
+  const mediaRecorderRef = useRef<MediaRecorder | null>(null);
+  const audioChunksRef = useRef<Blob[]>([]);
+  const recordingTimerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null>(null);
+  const audioPlayerRef = useRef<HTMLAudioElement | null>(null);
+  const voiceRafRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+  const voiceKnownDurationRef = useRef<number>(0);
   const [selectedTimestamp, setSelectedTimestamp] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [showResolved, setShowResolved] = useState(false);
 
@@ -140,6 +155,13 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
   const [replyingTo, setReplyingTo] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [replyText, setReplyText] = useState('');
   const [isSubmittingReply, setIsSubmittingReply] = useState(false);
+  const [isReplyRecording, setIsReplyRecording] = useState(false);
+  const [replyRecordingTime, setReplyRecordingTime] = useState(0);
+  const [replyAudioBlob, setReplyAudioBlob] = useState<Blob | null>(null);
+  const [isUploadingReplyAudio, setIsUploadingReplyAudio] = useState(false);
+  const replyMediaRecorderRef = useRef<MediaRecorder | null>(null);
+  const replyAudioChunksRef = useRef<Blob[]>([]);
+  const replyRecordingTimerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null>(null);
   const [editingCommentId, setEditingCommentId] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [editText, setEditText] = useState('');
   const [isSubmittingEdit, setIsSubmittingEdit] = useState(false);
@@ -336,8 +358,9 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
     }
   }, [isDragging, currentTime, handleSeekToTimestamp]);
 
-  const handleAddComment = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!commentText.trim() || !activeVersion) return;
+  const handleAddComment = useCallback(async (voiceData?: { url: string; duration: number }) => {
+    if (!voiceData && !commentText.trim()) return;
+    if (!activeVersion) return;
     setIsSubmittingComment(true);
 
     try {
@@ -345,8 +368,9 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
         method: 'POST',
         headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
         body: JSON.stringify({
-          content: commentText,
+          content: voiceData ? commentText.trim() || null : commentText,
           timestamp: selectedTimestamp ?? currentTime,
+          ...(voiceData && { voiceUrl: voiceData.url, voiceDuration: voiceData.duration }),
         }),
       });
 
@@ -373,6 +397,192 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
     }
   }, [commentText, currentTime, selectedTimestamp, activeVersion, activeVersionId]);
 
+  // Voice recording handlers
+  const startRecording = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true });
+      const mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, {
+        mimeType: MediaRecorder.isTypeSupported('audio/webm;codecs=opus')
+          ? 'audio/webm;codecs=opus'
+          : 'audio/webm',
+      });
+
+      audioChunksRef.current = [];
+      mediaRecorderRef.current = mediaRecorder;
+
+      mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = (e) => {
+        if (e.data.size > 0) {
+          audioChunksRef.current.push(e.data);
+        }
+      };
+
+      mediaRecorder.onstop = () => {
+        const blob = new Blob(audioChunksRef.current, { type: 'audio/webm' });
+        setAudioBlob(blob);
+        stream.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+        if (recordingTimerRef.current) {
+          clearInterval(recordingTimerRef.current);
+          recordingTimerRef.current = null;
+        }
+      };
+
+      mediaRecorder.start(100);
+      setIsRecording(true);
+      setRecordingTime(0);
+      recordingTimerRef.current = setInterval(() => {
+        setRecordingTime((prev) => prev + 0.1);
+      }, 100);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to start recording:', err);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const stopRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (mediaRecorderRef.current && mediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      mediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsRecording(false);
+  }, []);
+
+  const cancelRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (mediaRecorderRef.current && mediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      mediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsRecording(false);
+    setAudioBlob(null);
+    setRecordingTime(0);
+  }, []);
+
+  const submitVoiceComment = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (!audioBlob || !activeVersion) return;
+    setIsUploadingAudio(true);
+
+    try {
+      // Upload audio to R2
+      const formData = new FormData();
+      formData.append('audio', audioBlob, 'recording.webm');
+
+      const uploadRes = await fetch('/api/upload/audio', {
+        method: 'POST',
+        body: formData,
+      });
+
+      if (!uploadRes.ok) {
+        throw new Error('Failed to upload audio');
+      }
+
+      const { url } = await uploadRes.json();
+
+      // Submit comment with voice URL
+      await handleAddComment({ url, duration: recordingTime });
+      setAudioBlob(null);
+      setRecordingTime(0);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit voice comment:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setIsUploadingAudio(false);
+    }
+  }, [audioBlob, activeVersion, recordingTime, handleAddComment]);
+
+  // Voice playback
+  const stopVoiceTracking = useCallback(() => {
+    if (voiceRafRef.current) {
+      cancelAnimationFrame(voiceRafRef.current);
+      voiceRafRef.current = null;
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const startVoiceTracking = useCallback(() => {
+    stopVoiceTracking();
+    const tick = () => {
+      const audio = audioPlayerRef.current;
+      if (audio) {
+        const dur = isFinite(audio.duration) && audio.duration > 0
+          ? audio.duration
+          : voiceKnownDurationRef.current;
+        if (dur > 0) {
+          setVoiceProgress((audio.currentTime / dur) * 100);
+          setVoiceCurrentTime(audio.currentTime);
+        }
+      }
+      voiceRafRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(tick);
+    };
+    voiceRafRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(tick);
+  }, [stopVoiceTracking]);
+
+  const playVoice = useCallback((commentId: string, voiceUrl: string, knownDuration?: number) => {
+    if (playingVoiceId === commentId) {
+      if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+        audioPlayerRef.current.pause();
+        audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+      }
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      setPlayingVoiceId(null);
+      setVoiceProgress(0);
+      setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+      audioPlayerRef.current.pause();
+    }
+    stopVoiceTracking();
+
+    voiceKnownDurationRef.current = knownDuration || 0;
+    const audio = new Audio(voiceUrl);
+    audio.playbackRate = voicePlaybackRate;
+    audioPlayerRef.current = audio;
+    setPlayingVoiceId(commentId);
+    setVoiceProgress(0);
+    setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+
+    audio.onplay = () => {
+      startVoiceTracking();
+    };
+
+    audio.onended = () => {
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      setPlayingVoiceId(null);
+      setVoiceProgress(0);
+      setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+      audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+    };
+
+    audio.onerror = () => {
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      setPlayingVoiceId(null);
+      setVoiceProgress(0);
+      setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+      audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+    };
+
+    audio.play();
+  }, [playingVoiceId, voicePlaybackRate, startVoiceTracking, stopVoiceTracking]);
+
+  const toggleVoiceSpeed = useCallback(() => {
+    setVoicePlaybackRate((prev) => {
+      const next = prev === 1 ? 2 : 1;
+      if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+        audioPlayerRef.current.playbackRate = next;
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, []);
+
+  // Cleanup audio on unmount
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+        audioPlayerRef.current.pause();
+        audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+      }
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      if (recordingTimerRef.current) {
+        clearInterval(recordingTimerRef.current);
+      }
+    };
+  }, []);
+
   const handleResolveComment = useCallback(
     async (commentId: string, currentlyResolved: boolean) => {
       try {
@@ -408,17 +618,19 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
   );
 
   // Reply to a comment
-  const handleReplyComment = useCallback(async (parentId: string) => {
-    if (!replyText.trim() || !activeVersion) return;
+  const handleReplyComment = useCallback(async (parentId: string, voiceData?: { url: string; duration: number }) => {
+    if (!voiceData && !replyText.trim()) return;
+    if (!activeVersion) return;
     setIsSubmittingReply(true);
     try {
       const res = await fetch(`/api/versions/${activeVersion.id}/comments`, {
         method: 'POST',
         headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
         body: JSON.stringify({
-          content: replyText,
+          content: voiceData ? replyText.trim() || null : replyText,
           timestamp: comments.find((c) => c.id === parentId)?.timestamp ?? currentTime,
           parentId,
+          ...(voiceData && { voiceUrl: voiceData.url, voiceDuration: voiceData.duration }),
         }),
       });
       if (res.ok) {
@@ -443,6 +655,8 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
         });
         setReplyText('');
         setReplyingTo(null);
+        setReplyAudioBlob(null);
+        setReplyRecordingTime(0);
       }
     } catch (err) {
       console.error('Failed to reply:', err);
@@ -451,6 +665,73 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
     }
   }, [replyText, activeVersion, activeVersionId, comments, currentTime]);
 
+  // Voice recording for replies
+  const startReplyRecording = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true });
+      const mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, {
+        mimeType: MediaRecorder.isTypeSupported('audio/webm;codecs=opus')
+          ? 'audio/webm;codecs=opus'
+          : 'audio/webm',
+      });
+      replyAudioChunksRef.current = [];
+      replyMediaRecorderRef.current = mediaRecorder;
+      mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = (e) => {
+        if (e.data.size > 0) replyAudioChunksRef.current.push(e.data);
+      };
+      mediaRecorder.onstop = () => {
+        const blob = new Blob(replyAudioChunksRef.current, { type: 'audio/webm' });
+        setReplyAudioBlob(blob);
+        stream.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+        if (replyRecordingTimerRef.current) {
+          clearInterval(replyRecordingTimerRef.current);
+          replyRecordingTimerRef.current = null;
+        }
+      };
+      mediaRecorder.start(100);
+      setIsReplyRecording(true);
+      setReplyRecordingTime(0);
+      replyRecordingTimerRef.current = setInterval(() => {
+        setReplyRecordingTime((prev) => prev + 0.1);
+      }, 100);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to start reply recording:', err);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const stopReplyRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (replyMediaRecorderRef.current && replyMediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      replyMediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsReplyRecording(false);
+  }, []);
+
+  const cancelReplyRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (replyMediaRecorderRef.current && replyMediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      replyMediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsReplyRecording(false);
+    setReplyAudioBlob(null);
+    setReplyRecordingTime(0);
+  }, []);
+
+  const submitVoiceReply = useCallback(async (parentId: string) => {
+    if (!replyAudioBlob || !activeVersion) return;
+    setIsUploadingReplyAudio(true);
+    try {
+      const formData = new FormData();
+      formData.append('audio', replyAudioBlob, 'recording.webm');
+      const uploadRes = await fetch('/api/upload/audio', { method: 'POST', body: formData });
+      if (!uploadRes.ok) throw new Error('Failed to upload audio');
+      const { url } = await uploadRes.json();
+      await handleReplyComment(parentId, { url, duration: replyRecordingTime });
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit voice reply:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setIsUploadingReplyAudio(false);
+    }
+  }, [replyAudioBlob, activeVersion, replyRecordingTime, handleReplyComment]);
+
   // Edit a comment
   const handleEditComment = useCallback(async (commentId: string) => {
     if (!editText.trim()) return;
@@ -1055,15 +1336,37 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
 
                       {comment.voiceUrl && (
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-muted rounded mb-2">
-                          <Button size="icon" variant="ghost" className="h-8 w-8">
-                            <Play className="h-4 w-4" />
+                          <Button
+                            size="icon"
+                            variant="ghost"
+                            className="h-8 w-8 shrink-0"
+                            onClick={() => playVoice(comment.id, comment.voiceUrl!, comment.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                          >
+                            {playingVoiceId === comment.id ? (
+                              <Pause className="h-4 w-4" />
+                            ) : (
+                              <Play className="h-4 w-4" />
+                            )}
                           </Button>
-                          <div className="flex-1 h-1 bg-primary/30 rounded">
-                            <div className="w-0 h-full bg-primary rounded" />
+                          <div className="flex-1 h-2 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                            <div
+                              className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                              style={{ width: playingVoiceId === comment.id ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                            />
                           </div>
-                          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                            {formatTime(comment.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums shrink-0">
+                            {playingVoiceId === comment.id
+                              ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(comment.voiceDuration || 0)}`
+                              : formatTime(comment.voiceDuration || 0)}
                           </span>
+                          {playingVoiceId === comment.id && (
+                            <button
+                              onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                              className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                            >
+                              {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                            </button>
+                          )}
                         </div>
                       )}
 
@@ -1158,7 +1461,42 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
                                     </div>
                                   </div>
                                 ) : (
-                                  <p className="text-sm">{reply.content}</p>
+                                  reply.content && <p className="text-sm">{reply.content}</p>
+                                )}
+                                {reply.voiceUrl && (
+                                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-1.5 bg-muted rounded mt-1">
+                                    <Button
+                                      size="icon"
+                                      variant="ghost"
+                                      className="h-6 w-6 shrink-0"
+                                      onClick={() => playVoice(reply.id, reply.voiceUrl!, reply.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                                    >
+                                      {playingVoiceId === reply.id ? (
+                                        <Pause className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                      ) : (
+                                        <Play className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                      )}
+                                    </Button>
+                                    <div className="flex-1 h-1.5 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                                      <div
+                                        className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                                        style={{ width: playingVoiceId === reply.id ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                                      />
+                                    </div>
+                                    <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums shrink-0">
+                                      {playingVoiceId === reply.id
+                                        ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(reply.voiceDuration || 0)}`
+                                        : formatTime(reply.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                                    </span>
+                                    {playingVoiceId === reply.id && (
+                                      <button
+                                        onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                                        className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                                      >
+                                        {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                                      </button>
+                                    )}
+                                  </div>
                                 )}
                               </div>
                             );
@@ -1169,41 +1507,126 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
                       {/* Inline reply form */}
                       {isReplying && (
                         <div className="mt-3 pl-3 border-l-2">
-                          <Textarea
-                            value={replyText}
-                            onChange={(e) => setReplyText(e.target.value)}
-                            placeholder="Write a reply..."
-                            rows={2}
-                            className="resize-none text-sm mb-1"
-                            autoFocus
-                            onKeyDown={(e) => {
-                              if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
-                                handleReplyComment(comment.id);
-                              }
-                              if (e.key === 'Escape') {
-                                setReplyingTo(null);
-                                setReplyText('');
-                              }
-                            }}
-                          />
-                          <div className="flex gap-1">
-                            <Button
-                              size="sm"
-                              onClick={() => handleReplyComment(comment.id)}
-                              disabled={!replyText.trim() || isSubmittingReply}
-                              className="h-7 text-xs"
-                            >
-                              {isSubmittingReply ? <Loader2 className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" /> : 'Reply'}
-                            </Button>
-                            <Button
-                              size="sm"
-                              variant="ghost"
-                              onClick={() => { setReplyingTo(null); setReplyText(''); }}
-                              className="h-7 text-xs"
-                            >
-                              Cancel
-                            </Button>
-                          </div>
+                          {isReplyRecording ? (
+                            <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-destructive/10 border border-destructive/30 rounded-lg mb-1">
+                              <div className="h-2 w-2 rounded-full bg-destructive animate-pulse" />
+                              <span className="text-xs font-medium text-destructive">
+                                {formatTime(replyRecordingTime)}
+                              </span>
+                              <div className="flex-1" />
+                              <Button size="sm" variant="destructive" onClick={stopReplyRecording} className="h-6 text-xs">
+                                Stop
+                              </Button>
+                              <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={cancelReplyRecording} className="h-6 text-xs">
+                                <X className="h-3 w-3" />
+                              </Button>
+                            </div>
+                          ) : replyAudioBlob ? (
+                            <div className="space-y-1 mb-1">
+                              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-muted rounded-lg">
+                                <Button
+                                  size="icon"
+                                  variant="ghost"
+                                  className="h-6 w-6"
+                                  onClick={() => {
+                                    const url = URL.createObjectURL(replyAudioBlob);
+                                    playVoice('reply-preview', url, replyRecordingTime);
+                                  }}
+                                >
+                                  {playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview' ? <Pause className="h-3 w-3" /> : <Play className="h-3 w-3" />}
+                                </Button>
+                                <div className="flex-1 h-1.5 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                                  <div
+                                    className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                                    style={{ width: playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview' ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                                  />
+                                </div>
+                                <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums">
+                                  {playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview'
+                                    ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(replyRecordingTime)}`
+                                    : formatTime(replyRecordingTime)}
+                                </span>
+                                {playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview' && (
+                                  <button
+                                    onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                                    className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                                  >
+                                    {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                                  </button>
+                                )}
+                                <Button size="icon" variant="ghost" className="h-6 w-6" onClick={cancelReplyRecording}>
+                                  <X className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                </Button>
+                              </div>
+                              <Textarea
+                                value={replyText}
+                                onChange={(e) => setReplyText(e.target.value)}
+                                placeholder="Add a note (optional)..."
+                                rows={1}
+                                className="resize-none text-sm"
+                              />
+                              <div className="flex gap-1">
+                                <Button
+                                  size="sm"
+                                  onClick={() => submitVoiceReply(comment.id)}
+                                  disabled={isUploadingReplyAudio}
+                                  className="h-7 text-xs"
+                                >
+                                  {isUploadingReplyAudio ? <Loader2 className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" /> : 'Send Voice Reply'}
+                                </Button>
+                                <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={cancelReplyRecording} className="h-7 text-xs">Cancel</Button>
+                              </div>
+                            </div>
+                          ) : (
+                            <>
+                              <div className="flex gap-1">
+                                <Textarea
+                                  value={replyText}
+                                  onChange={(e) => setReplyText(e.target.value)}
+                                  placeholder="Write a reply..."
+                                  rows={2}
+                                  className="resize-none text-sm flex-1"
+                                  autoFocus
+                                  onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                                    if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
+                                      handleReplyComment(comment.id);
+                                    }
+                                    if (e.key === 'Escape') {
+                                      setReplyingTo(null);
+                                      setReplyText('');
+                                    }
+                                  }}
+                                />
+                                <Button
+                                  size="icon"
+                                  variant="outline"
+                                  onClick={startReplyRecording}
+                                  title="Record voice reply"
+                                  className="h-8 w-8 shrink-0 self-end"
+                                >
+                                  <Mic className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                </Button>
+                              </div>
+                              <div className="flex gap-1 mt-1">
+                                <Button
+                                  size="sm"
+                                  onClick={() => handleReplyComment(comment.id)}
+                                  disabled={!replyText.trim() || isSubmittingReply}
+                                  className="h-7 text-xs"
+                                >
+                                  {isSubmittingReply ? <Loader2 className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" /> : 'Reply'}
+                                </Button>
+                                <Button
+                                  size="sm"
+                                  variant="ghost"
+                                  onClick={() => { setReplyingTo(null); setReplyText(''); }}
+                                  className="h-7 text-xs"
+                                >
+                                  Cancel
+                                </Button>
+                              </div>
+                            </>
+                          )}
                         </div>
                       )}
 
@@ -1227,52 +1650,152 @@ export default function VideoPage() {
           <div className="shrink-0 p-4 border-t bg-background">
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
               <Button
-                variant="outline"
+                variant={selectedTimestamp !== null ? 'default' : 'outline'}
                 size="sm"
-                onClick={() => setSelectedTimestamp(currentTime)}
-                className={cn(selectedTimestamp !== null && 'border-primary')}
+                onClick={() => {
+                  if (selectedTimestamp !== null) {
+                    setSelectedTimestamp(null);
+                  } else {
+                    setSelectedTimestamp(currentTime);
+                  }
+                }}
               >
                 <Clock className="h-4 w-4 mr-1" />
                 {selectedTimestamp !== null ? formatTime(selectedTimestamp) : formatTime(currentTime)}
+                {selectedTimestamp !== null && <X className="h-3 w-3 ml-1" />}
               </Button>
-              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Pin to this time</span>
+              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                {selectedTimestamp !== null ? 'Pinned — click to unpin' : 'Pin to this time'}
+              </span>
             </div>
 
-            <div className="flex gap-2">
-              <Textarea
-                placeholder="Add a comment..."
-                value={commentText}
-                onChange={(e) => setCommentText(e.target.value)}
-                rows={2}
-                className="resize-none text-sm"
-                onKeyDown={(e) => {
-                  if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
-                    handleAddComment();
-                  }
-                }}
-              />
-              <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-                <Button
-                  size="icon"
-                  onClick={handleAddComment}
-                  disabled={!commentText.trim() || isSubmittingComment}
-                >
-                  {isSubmittingComment ? (
-                    <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
-                  ) : (
-                    <Send className="h-4 w-4" />
-                  )}
+            {/* Recording state UI */}
+            {isRecording ? (
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3 bg-destructive/10 border border-destructive/30 rounded-lg">
+                <div className="h-3 w-3 rounded-full bg-destructive animate-pulse" />
+                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-destructive">
+                  Recording {formatTime(recordingTime)}
+                </span>
+                <div className="flex-1" />
+                <Button size="sm" variant="destructive" onClick={stopRecording}>
+                  Stop
                 </Button>
-                <Button
-                  size="icon"
-                  variant={isRecording ? 'destructive' : 'outline'}
-                  onClick={() => setIsRecording(!isRecording)}
-                >
-                  <Mic className={cn('h-4 w-4', isRecording && 'animate-pulse')} />
+                <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={cancelRecording}>
+                  <X className="h-4 w-4" />
                 </Button>
               </div>
-            </div>
-            <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">Cmd+Enter to submit</p>
+            ) : audioBlob ? (
+              <div className="space-y-2">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3 bg-muted rounded-lg">
+                  <Button
+                    size="icon"
+                    variant="ghost"
+                    className="h-8 w-8"
+                    onClick={() => {
+                      const url = URL.createObjectURL(audioBlob);
+                      playVoice('preview', url, recordingTime);
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    {playingVoiceId === 'preview' ? (
+                      <Pause className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    ) : (
+                      <Play className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    )}
+                  </Button>
+                  <div className="flex-1 h-2 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                    <div
+                      className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                      style={{ width: playingVoiceId === 'preview' ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                  <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums">
+                    {playingVoiceId === 'preview'
+                      ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(recordingTime)}`
+                      : formatTime(recordingTime)}
+                  </span>
+                  {playingVoiceId === 'preview' && (
+                    <button
+                      onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                      className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                    >
+                      {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                    </button>
+                  )}
+                  <Button
+                    size="icon"
+                    variant="ghost"
+                    className="h-8 w-8"
+                    onClick={cancelRecording}
+                  >
+                    <X className="h-4 w-4" />
+                  </Button>
+                </div>
+                <Textarea
+                  placeholder="Add a note to your voice comment (optional)..."
+                  value={commentText}
+                  onChange={(e) => setCommentText(e.target.value)}
+                  rows={1}
+                  className="resize-none text-sm"
+                />
+                <Button
+                  size="sm"
+                  onClick={submitVoiceComment}
+                  disabled={isUploadingAudio}
+                  className="w-full"
+                >
+                  {isUploadingAudio ? (
+                    <>
+                      <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin mr-2" />
+                      Uploading...
+                    </>
+                  ) : (
+                    <>
+                      <Send className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
+                      Send Voice Comment
+                    </>
+                  )}
+                </Button>
+              </div>
+            ) : (
+              <>
+                <div className="flex gap-2">
+                  <Textarea
+                    placeholder="Add a comment..."
+                    value={commentText}
+                    onChange={(e) => setCommentText(e.target.value)}
+                    rows={2}
+                    className="resize-none text-sm"
+                    onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                      if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
+                        handleAddComment();
+                      }
+                    }}
+                  />
+                  <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
+                    <Button
+                      size="icon"
+                      onClick={() => handleAddComment()}
+                      disabled={!commentText.trim() || isSubmittingComment}
+                    >
+                      {isSubmittingComment ? (
+                        <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
+                      ) : (
+                        <Send className="h-4 w-4" />
+                      )}
+                    </Button>
+                    <Button
+                      size="icon"
+                      variant="outline"
+                      onClick={startRecording}
+                      title="Record voice comment"
+                    >
+                      <Mic className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    </Button>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">Cmd+Enter to submit</p>
+              </>
+            )}
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/app/api/auth/[...nextauth]/route.ts b/app/api/auth/[...nextauth]/route.ts
index 5ef28c1..3420576 100644
--- a/app/api/auth/[...nextauth]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/auth/[...nextauth]/route.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
 import { handlers } from '@/lib/auth';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
-export const { GET, POST } = handlers;
+export const { GET } = handlers;
+
+// Wrap NextAuth POST with login rate limiting
+export async function POST(request: Request) {
+    const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'login');
+    if (limited) return limited;
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    return handlers.POST(request as any);
+}
diff --git a/app/api/comments/[commentId]/route.ts b/app/api/comments/[commentId]/route.ts
index 3a73489..6642c12 100644
--- a/app/api/comments/[commentId]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/comments/[commentId]/route.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
+import { r2Client, R2_BUCKET_NAME } from '@/lib/r2';
+import { DeleteObjectCommand } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ commentId: string }> };
 
@@ -65,6 +68,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // PATCH /api/comments/[commentId]
 export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { commentId } = await params;
 
@@ -152,6 +158,9 @@ export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // DELETE /api/comments/[commentId]
 export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { commentId } = await params;
 
@@ -162,6 +171,7 @@ export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
         const comment = await db.comment.findUnique({
             where: { id: commentId },
             include: {
+                replies: { select: { voiceUrl: true } },
                 version: {
                     include: {
                         video: { include: { project: true } },
@@ -184,8 +194,35 @@ export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
             );
         }
 
+        // Collect all voice URLs to delete from R2 (comment + its replies)
+        const voiceUrls: string[] = [];
+        if (comment.voiceUrl) voiceUrls.push(comment.voiceUrl);
+        for (const reply of comment.replies) {
+            if (reply.voiceUrl) voiceUrls.push(reply.voiceUrl);
+        }
+
         await db.comment.delete({ where: { id: commentId } });
 
+        // Clean up audio files from R2 (best-effort, don't block on failure)
+        const AUDIO_PREFIX = '/api/upload/audio/';
+        for (const url of voiceUrls) {
+            try {
+                // Extract filename using string parsing (safe against ReDoS)
+                const idx = url.indexOf(AUDIO_PREFIX);
+                const filename = idx !== -1 ? url.slice(idx + AUDIO_PREFIX.length) : null;
+                if (filename) {
+                    await r2Client.send(
+                        new DeleteObjectCommand({
+                            Bucket: R2_BUCKET_NAME,
+                            Key: `voice/${filename}`,
+                        })
+                    );
+                }
+            } catch (err) {
+                console.error('Failed to delete audio from R2:', err);
+            }
+        }
+
         return NextResponse.json({ success: true, message: 'Comment deleted' });
     } catch (error) {
         console.error('Error deleting comment:', error);
diff --git a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
index aa9474b..e039228 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ projectId: string; memberId: string }> };
 
 // PATCH /api/projects/[projectId]/members/[memberId] - Update member role
 export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'manage-member');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId, memberId } = await params;
 
@@ -63,6 +67,9 @@ export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // DELETE /api/projects/[projectId]/members/[memberId] - Remove member
 export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'manage-member');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId, memberId } = await params;
 
diff --git a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/route.ts b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/route.ts
index 4e41450..4898b1d 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/members/route.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ projectId: string }> };
 
@@ -59,6 +60,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // POST /api/projects/[projectId]/members - Invite a member
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'invite-member');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId } = await params;
 
diff --git a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/route.ts b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/route.ts
index 0e357dc..22f9109 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/route.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectMemberRole, ProjectVisibility } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
+import { cleanupProjectVoiceFiles } from '@/lib/r2-cleanup';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ projectId: string }> };
 
@@ -117,6 +119,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // PATCH /api/projects/[projectId] - Update a project
 export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId } = await params;
 
@@ -159,6 +164,9 @@ export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // DELETE /api/projects/[projectId] - Delete a project
 export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId } = await params;
 
@@ -179,6 +187,9 @@ export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
             );
         }
 
+        // Clean up voice files from R2 before cascade delete removes comment rows
+        await cleanupProjectVoiceFiles(projectId);
+
         await db.project.delete({ where: { id: projectId } });
 
         return NextResponse.json({ success: true, message: 'Project deleted' });
diff --git a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/route.ts b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/route.ts
index 5be28cf..64ffedc 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/route.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
+import { cleanupVideoVoiceFiles } from '@/lib/r2-cleanup';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ projectId: string; videoId: string }> };
 
@@ -65,6 +67,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // PATCH /api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]
 export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId, videoId } = await params;
 
@@ -122,6 +127,9 @@ export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // DELETE /api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]
 export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId, videoId } = await params;
 
@@ -152,6 +160,9 @@ export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
             );
         }
 
+        // Clean up voice files from R2 before cascade delete removes comment rows
+        await cleanupVideoVoiceFiles(videoId);
+
         await db.video.delete({ where: { id: videoId } });
 
         return NextResponse.json({ success: true, message: 'Video deleted' });
diff --git a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/versions/route.ts b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/versions/route.ts
index 3315dc1..3bb6c6e 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/versions/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/versions/route.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
 import { validateUrl, validateOptionalUrl } from '@/lib/validation';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ projectId: string; videoId: string }> };
 
@@ -54,6 +55,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // POST /api/projects/[projectId]/videos/[videoId]/versions - Add a new version
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'create-version');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId, videoId } = await params;
 
diff --git a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/route.ts b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/route.ts
index fb6b57e..861375f 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/[projectId]/videos/route.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
 import { validateUrl, validateOptionalUrl } from '@/lib/validation';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ projectId: string }> };
 
@@ -57,6 +58,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // POST /api/projects/[projectId]/videos - Add a new video to the project
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'create-video');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { projectId } = await params;
 
diff --git a/app/api/projects/route.ts b/app/api/projects/route.ts
index e7a1fd0..cff04c5 100644
--- a/app/api/projects/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/projects/route.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { ProjectVisibility } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 // GET /api/projects - List all projects for the authenticated user
 export async function GET(request: NextRequest) {
@@ -75,6 +76,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest) {
 // POST /api/projects - Create a new project
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'create-project');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
 
         if (!session?.user?.id) {
diff --git a/app/api/upload/audio/[filename]/route.ts b/app/api/upload/audio/[filename]/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9920bfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/upload/audio/[filename]/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { NextResponse } from 'next/server';
+import { r2Client, R2_BUCKET_NAME } from '@/lib/r2';
+import { GetObjectCommand } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+
+// Only allow UUID filenames with safe extensions
+const SAFE_FILENAME = /^[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12}\.[a-z0-9]+$/i;
+
+export async function GET(
+  _request: Request,
+  { params }: { params: Promise<{ filename: string }> }
+) {
+  try {
+    const { filename } = await params;
+
+    // Validate filename to prevent path traversal
+    if (!SAFE_FILENAME.test(filename)) {
+      return NextResponse.json({ error: 'Invalid filename' }, { status: 400 });
+    }
+
+    const key = `voice/${filename}`;
+
+    const response = await r2Client.send(
+      new GetObjectCommand({
+        Bucket: R2_BUCKET_NAME,
+        Key: key,
+      })
+    );
+
+    if (!response.Body) {
+      return NextResponse.json({ error: 'File not found' }, { status: 404 });
+    }
+
+    const contentType = response.ContentType || 'audio/webm';
+    const contentLength = response.ContentLength;
+
+    // Stream the response body directly instead of buffering in memory
+    const stream = response.Body.transformToWebStream();
+
+    return new NextResponse(stream, {
+      status: 200,
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Type': contentType,
+        ...(contentLength ? { 'Content-Length': String(contentLength) } : {}),
+        'Cache-Control': 'public, max-age=31536000, immutable',
+      },
+    });
+  } catch (error: unknown) {
+    const errorName = error instanceof Error ? error.name : '';
+    if (errorName === 'NoSuchKey') {
+      return NextResponse.json({ error: 'File not found' }, { status: 404 });
+    }
+    console.error('Error serving audio:', error);
+    return NextResponse.json(
+      { error: 'Failed to retrieve audio' },
+      { status: 500 }
+    );
+  }
+}
diff --git a/app/api/upload/audio/route.ts b/app/api/upload/audio/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd03733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/upload/audio/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import { NextResponse } from 'next/server';
+import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
+import { r2Client, R2_BUCKET_NAME } from '@/lib/r2';
+import { PutObjectCommand } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+import { randomUUID } from 'crypto';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
+
+const MAX_FILE_SIZE = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10MB
+const ALLOWED_TYPES = ['audio/webm', 'audio/ogg', 'audio/mp4', 'audio/mpeg', 'audio/wav'];
+
+export async function POST(request: Request) {
+  try {
+    // Rate limit
+    const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'voice-upload');
+    if (limited) return limited;
+
+    // Require authentication
+    const session = await auth();
+    if (!session?.user?.id) {
+      return NextResponse.json({ error: 'Unauthorized' }, { status: 401 });
+    }
+
+    const formData = await request.formData();
+    const file = formData.get('audio') as File | null;
+
+    if (!file) {
+      return NextResponse.json({ error: 'No audio file provided' }, { status: 400 });
+    }
+
+    if (file.size > MAX_FILE_SIZE) {
+      return NextResponse.json(
+        { error: 'File too large. Maximum size is 10MB.' },
+        { status: 400 }
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Check content type
+    const contentType = file.type || 'audio/webm';
+    if (!ALLOWED_TYPES.includes(contentType)) {
+      return NextResponse.json(
+        { error: `Unsupported audio format: ${contentType}` },
+        { status: 400 }
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Generate unique filename
+    const ext = contentType.split('/')[1] || 'webm';
+    const filename = `${randomUUID()}.${ext}`;
+    const key = `voice/${filename}`;
+
+    // Convert to buffer
+    const arrayBuffer = await file.arrayBuffer();
+    const buffer = Buffer.from(arrayBuffer);
+
+    // Upload to R2
+    await r2Client.send(
+      new PutObjectCommand({
+        Bucket: R2_BUCKET_NAME,
+        Key: key,
+        Body: buffer,
+        ContentType: contentType,
+      })
+    );
+
+    // Return the URL through our proxy endpoint
+    const voiceUrl = `/api/upload/audio/${filename}`;
+
+    return NextResponse.json({ url: voiceUrl }, { status: 201 });
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Error uploading audio:', error);
+    return NextResponse.json(
+      { error: 'Failed to upload audio' },
+      { status: 500 }
+    );
+  }
+}
diff --git a/app/api/versions/[versionId]/comments/route.ts b/app/api/versions/[versionId]/comments/route.ts
index 1c39508..474c92b 100644
--- a/app/api/versions/[versionId]/comments/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/versions/[versionId]/comments/route.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { validateOptionalUrl } from '@/lib/validation';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ versionId: string }> };
 
@@ -74,6 +75,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // POST /api/versions/[versionId]/comments
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'comment');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { versionId } = await params;
 
@@ -149,10 +153,12 @@ export async function POST(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
             );
         }
 
-        // Validate voice URL uses safe scheme
-        const voiceUrlError = validateOptionalUrl(voiceUrl, 'Voice URL');
-        if (voiceUrlError) {
-            return NextResponse.json({ error: voiceUrlError }, { status: 400 });
+        // Validate voice URL uses safe scheme (allow internal /api/ paths)
+        if (voiceUrl && !voiceUrl.startsWith('/api/')) {
+            const voiceUrlError = validateOptionalUrl(voiceUrl, 'Voice URL');
+            if (voiceUrlError) {
+                return NextResponse.json({ error: voiceUrlError }, { status: 400 });
+            }
         }
 
         const comment = await db.comment.create({
diff --git a/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts b/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
index 03b85e9..e2d470c 100644
--- a/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/[memberId]/route.ts
@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { WorkspaceMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ workspaceId: string; memberId: string }> };
 
 // PATCH /api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/[memberId] - Update member role
 export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'manage-member');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { workspaceId, memberId } = await params;
 
@@ -64,6 +68,9 @@ export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // DELETE /api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/[memberId] - Remove member
 export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'manage-member');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { workspaceId, memberId } = await params;
 
diff --git a/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/route.ts b/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/route.ts
index 690c16b..cfd635b 100644
--- a/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members/route.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
 import { WorkspaceMemberRole } from '@prisma/client';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ workspaceId: string }> };
 
@@ -60,6 +61,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // POST /api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/members - Invite a member
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'invite-member');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { workspaceId } = await params;
 
diff --git a/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/route.ts b/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/route.ts
index f948feb..d19d1f4 100644
--- a/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/workspaces/[workspaceId]/route.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
+import { cleanupWorkspaceVoiceFiles } from '@/lib/r2-cleanup';
 
 type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ workspaceId: string }> };
 
@@ -81,6 +83,9 @@ export async function GET(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // PATCH /api/workspaces/[workspaceId] - Update a workspace
 export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { workspaceId } = await params;
 
@@ -122,6 +127,9 @@ export async function PATCH(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
 // DELETE /api/workspaces/[workspaceId] - Delete a workspace
 export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'mutate');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
         const { workspaceId } = await params;
 
@@ -142,6 +150,9 @@ export async function DELETE(request: NextRequest, { params }: RouteParams) {
             );
         }
 
+        // Clean up voice files from R2 before cascade delete removes comment rows
+        await cleanupWorkspaceVoiceFiles(workspaceId);
+
         await db.workspace.delete({ where: { id: workspaceId } });
 
         return NextResponse.json({ success: true, message: 'Workspace deleted' });
diff --git a/app/api/workspaces/route.ts b/app/api/workspaces/route.ts
index f040df4..8ed52b3 100644
--- a/app/api/workspaces/route.ts
+++ b/app/api/workspaces/route.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
 import { auth } from '@/lib/auth';
+import { rateLimit } from '@/lib/rate-limit';
 
 // GET /api/workspaces - List all workspaces for the authenticated user
 export async function GET() {
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ export async function GET() {
 // POST /api/workspaces - Create a new workspace
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
     try {
+        const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'create-workspace');
+        if (limited) return limited;
+
         const session = await auth();
 
         if (!session?.user?.id) {
diff --git a/app/watch/[videoId]/page.tsx b/app/watch/[videoId]/page.tsx
index 860c0da..5f228b5 100644
--- a/app/watch/[videoId]/page.tsx
+++ b/app/watch/[videoId]/page.tsx
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
   Reply,
   Pencil,
   Trash2,
+  X,
   ArrowUpRight,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
@@ -66,6 +67,8 @@ interface Comment {
   replies: {
     id: string;
     content: string | null;
+    voiceUrl: string | null;
+    voiceDuration: number | null;
     createdAt: string;
     author: { id: string; name: string | null; image: string | null } | null;
     guestName: string | null;
@@ -113,6 +116,19 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
   const [commentText, setCommentText] = useState('');
   const [isSubmittingComment, setIsSubmittingComment] = useState(false);
   const [isRecording, setIsRecording] = useState(false);
+  const [recordingTime, setRecordingTime] = useState(0);
+  const [audioBlob, setAudioBlob] = useState<Blob | null>(null);
+  const [isUploadingAudio, setIsUploadingAudio] = useState(false);
+  const [playingVoiceId, setPlayingVoiceId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [voiceProgress, setVoiceProgress] = useState(0);
+  const [voiceCurrentTime, setVoiceCurrentTime] = useState(0);
+  const [voicePlaybackRate, setVoicePlaybackRate] = useState(1);
+  const mediaRecorderRef = useRef<MediaRecorder | null>(null);
+  const audioChunksRef = useRef<Blob[]>([]);
+  const recordingTimerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null>(null);
+  const audioPlayerRef = useRef<HTMLAudioElement | null>(null);
+  const voiceRafRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+  const voiceKnownDurationRef = useRef<number>(0);
   const [selectedTimestamp, setSelectedTimestamp] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [showResolved, setShowResolved] = useState(false);
 
@@ -120,6 +136,13 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
   const [replyingTo, setReplyingTo] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [replyText, setReplyText] = useState('');
   const [isSubmittingReply, setIsSubmittingReply] = useState(false);
+  const [isReplyRecording, setIsReplyRecording] = useState(false);
+  const [replyRecordingTime, setReplyRecordingTime] = useState(0);
+  const [replyAudioBlob, setReplyAudioBlob] = useState<Blob | null>(null);
+  const [isUploadingReplyAudio, setIsUploadingReplyAudio] = useState(false);
+  const replyMediaRecorderRef = useRef<MediaRecorder | null>(null);
+  const replyAudioChunksRef = useRef<Blob[]>([]);
+  const replyRecordingTimerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null>(null);
   const [editingCommentId, setEditingCommentId] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [editText, setEditText] = useState('');
   const [isSubmittingEdit, setIsSubmittingEdit] = useState(false);
@@ -274,8 +297,9 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
     [currentTime, duration, handleSeekToTimestamp]
   );
 
-  const handleAddComment = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!commentText.trim() || !activeVersion) return;
+  const handleAddComment = useCallback(async (voiceData?: { url: string; duration: number }) => {
+    if (!voiceData && !commentText.trim()) return;
+    if (!activeVersion) return;
     setIsSubmittingComment(true);
 
     try {
@@ -283,8 +307,9 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
         method: 'POST',
         headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
         body: JSON.stringify({
-          content: commentText,
+          content: voiceData ? commentText.trim() || null : commentText,
           timestamp: selectedTimestamp ?? currentTime,
+          ...(voiceData && { voiceUrl: voiceData.url, voiceDuration: voiceData.duration }),
         }),
       });
 
@@ -311,6 +336,189 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
     }
   }, [commentText, currentTime, selectedTimestamp, activeVersion, activeVersionId]);
 
+  // Voice recording handlers
+  const startRecording = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true });
+      const mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, {
+        mimeType: MediaRecorder.isTypeSupported('audio/webm;codecs=opus')
+          ? 'audio/webm;codecs=opus'
+          : 'audio/webm',
+      });
+
+      audioChunksRef.current = [];
+      mediaRecorderRef.current = mediaRecorder;
+
+      mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = (e) => {
+        if (e.data.size > 0) {
+          audioChunksRef.current.push(e.data);
+        }
+      };
+
+      mediaRecorder.onstop = () => {
+        const blob = new Blob(audioChunksRef.current, { type: 'audio/webm' });
+        setAudioBlob(blob);
+        stream.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+        if (recordingTimerRef.current) {
+          clearInterval(recordingTimerRef.current);
+          recordingTimerRef.current = null;
+        }
+      };
+
+      mediaRecorder.start(100);
+      setIsRecording(true);
+      setRecordingTime(0);
+      recordingTimerRef.current = setInterval(() => {
+        setRecordingTime((prev) => prev + 0.1);
+      }, 100);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to start recording:', err);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const stopRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (mediaRecorderRef.current && mediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      mediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsRecording(false);
+  }, []);
+
+  const cancelRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (mediaRecorderRef.current && mediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      mediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsRecording(false);
+    setAudioBlob(null);
+    setRecordingTime(0);
+  }, []);
+
+  const submitVoiceComment = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (!audioBlob || !activeVersion) return;
+    setIsUploadingAudio(true);
+
+    try {
+      const formData = new FormData();
+      formData.append('audio', audioBlob, 'recording.webm');
+
+      const uploadRes = await fetch('/api/upload/audio', {
+        method: 'POST',
+        body: formData,
+      });
+
+      if (!uploadRes.ok) {
+        throw new Error('Failed to upload audio');
+      }
+
+      const { url } = await uploadRes.json();
+      await handleAddComment({ url, duration: recordingTime });
+      setAudioBlob(null);
+      setRecordingTime(0);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit voice comment:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setIsUploadingAudio(false);
+    }
+  }, [audioBlob, activeVersion, recordingTime, handleAddComment]);
+
+  // Voice playback
+  const stopVoiceTracking = useCallback(() => {
+    if (voiceRafRef.current) {
+      cancelAnimationFrame(voiceRafRef.current);
+      voiceRafRef.current = null;
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const startVoiceTracking = useCallback(() => {
+    stopVoiceTracking();
+    const tick = () => {
+      const audio = audioPlayerRef.current;
+      if (audio) {
+        const dur = isFinite(audio.duration) && audio.duration > 0
+          ? audio.duration
+          : voiceKnownDurationRef.current;
+        if (dur > 0) {
+          setVoiceProgress((audio.currentTime / dur) * 100);
+          setVoiceCurrentTime(audio.currentTime);
+        }
+      }
+      voiceRafRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(tick);
+    };
+    voiceRafRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(tick);
+  }, [stopVoiceTracking]);
+
+  const playVoice = useCallback((commentId: string, voiceUrl: string, knownDuration?: number) => {
+    if (playingVoiceId === commentId) {
+      if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+        audioPlayerRef.current.pause();
+        audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+      }
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      setPlayingVoiceId(null);
+      setVoiceProgress(0);
+      setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+      audioPlayerRef.current.pause();
+    }
+    stopVoiceTracking();
+
+    voiceKnownDurationRef.current = knownDuration || 0;
+    const audio = new Audio(voiceUrl);
+    audio.playbackRate = voicePlaybackRate;
+    audioPlayerRef.current = audio;
+    setPlayingVoiceId(commentId);
+    setVoiceProgress(0);
+    setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+
+    audio.onplay = () => {
+      startVoiceTracking();
+    };
+
+    audio.onended = () => {
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      setPlayingVoiceId(null);
+      setVoiceProgress(0);
+      setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+      audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+    };
+
+    audio.onerror = () => {
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      setPlayingVoiceId(null);
+      setVoiceProgress(0);
+      setVoiceCurrentTime(0);
+      audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+    };
+
+    audio.play();
+  }, [playingVoiceId, voicePlaybackRate, startVoiceTracking, stopVoiceTracking]);
+
+  const toggleVoiceSpeed = useCallback(() => {
+    setVoicePlaybackRate((prev) => {
+      const next = prev === 1 ? 2 : 1;
+      if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+        audioPlayerRef.current.playbackRate = next;
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, []);
+
+  // Cleanup audio on unmount
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      if (audioPlayerRef.current) {
+        audioPlayerRef.current.pause();
+        audioPlayerRef.current = null;
+      }
+      stopVoiceTracking();
+      if (recordingTimerRef.current) {
+        clearInterval(recordingTimerRef.current);
+      }
+    };
+  }, []);
+
   const handleResolveComment = useCallback(
     async (commentId: string, currentlyResolved: boolean) => {
       try {
@@ -346,17 +554,19 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
   );
 
   // Reply to a comment
-  const handleReplyComment = useCallback(async (parentId: string) => {
-    if (!replyText.trim() || !activeVersion) return;
+  const handleReplyComment = useCallback(async (parentId: string, voiceData?: { url: string; duration: number }) => {
+    if (!voiceData && !replyText.trim()) return;
+    if (!activeVersion) return;
     setIsSubmittingReply(true);
     try {
       const res = await fetch(`/api/versions/${activeVersion.id}/comments`, {
         method: 'POST',
         headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
         body: JSON.stringify({
-          content: replyText,
+          content: voiceData ? replyText.trim() || null : replyText,
           timestamp: comments.find((c) => c.id === parentId)?.timestamp ?? currentTime,
           parentId,
+          ...(voiceData && { voiceUrl: voiceData.url, voiceDuration: voiceData.duration }),
         }),
       });
       if (res.ok) {
@@ -381,6 +591,8 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
         });
         setReplyText('');
         setReplyingTo(null);
+        setReplyAudioBlob(null);
+        setReplyRecordingTime(0);
       }
     } catch (err) {
       console.error('Failed to reply:', err);
@@ -389,6 +601,73 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
     }
   }, [replyText, activeVersion, activeVersionId, comments, currentTime]);
 
+  // Voice recording for replies
+  const startReplyRecording = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true });
+      const mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, {
+        mimeType: MediaRecorder.isTypeSupported('audio/webm;codecs=opus')
+          ? 'audio/webm;codecs=opus'
+          : 'audio/webm',
+      });
+      replyAudioChunksRef.current = [];
+      replyMediaRecorderRef.current = mediaRecorder;
+      mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = (e) => {
+        if (e.data.size > 0) replyAudioChunksRef.current.push(e.data);
+      };
+      mediaRecorder.onstop = () => {
+        const blob = new Blob(replyAudioChunksRef.current, { type: 'audio/webm' });
+        setReplyAudioBlob(blob);
+        stream.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+        if (replyRecordingTimerRef.current) {
+          clearInterval(replyRecordingTimerRef.current);
+          replyRecordingTimerRef.current = null;
+        }
+      };
+      mediaRecorder.start(100);
+      setIsReplyRecording(true);
+      setReplyRecordingTime(0);
+      replyRecordingTimerRef.current = setInterval(() => {
+        setReplyRecordingTime((prev) => prev + 0.1);
+      }, 100);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to start reply recording:', err);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const stopReplyRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (replyMediaRecorderRef.current && replyMediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      replyMediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsReplyRecording(false);
+  }, []);
+
+  const cancelReplyRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (replyMediaRecorderRef.current && replyMediaRecorderRef.current.state !== 'inactive') {
+      replyMediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+    }
+    setIsReplyRecording(false);
+    setReplyAudioBlob(null);
+    setReplyRecordingTime(0);
+  }, []);
+
+  const submitVoiceReply = useCallback(async (parentId: string) => {
+    if (!replyAudioBlob || !activeVersion) return;
+    setIsUploadingReplyAudio(true);
+    try {
+      const formData = new FormData();
+      formData.append('audio', replyAudioBlob, 'recording.webm');
+      const uploadRes = await fetch('/api/upload/audio', { method: 'POST', body: formData });
+      if (!uploadRes.ok) throw new Error('Failed to upload audio');
+      const { url } = await uploadRes.json();
+      await handleReplyComment(parentId, { url, duration: replyRecordingTime });
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Failed to submit voice reply:', err);
+    } finally {
+      setIsUploadingReplyAudio(false);
+    }
+  }, [replyAudioBlob, activeVersion, replyRecordingTime, handleReplyComment]);
+
   // Edit a comment
   const handleEditComment = useCallback(async (commentId: string) => {
     if (!editText.trim()) return;
@@ -830,15 +1109,37 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
 
                       {comment.voiceUrl && (
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-muted rounded mb-2">
-                          <Button size="icon" variant="ghost" className="h-8 w-8">
-                            <Play className="h-4 w-4" />
+                          <Button
+                            size="icon"
+                            variant="ghost"
+                            className="h-8 w-8 shrink-0"
+                            onClick={() => playVoice(comment.id, comment.voiceUrl!, comment.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                          >
+                            {playingVoiceId === comment.id ? (
+                              <Pause className="h-4 w-4" />
+                            ) : (
+                              <Play className="h-4 w-4" />
+                            )}
                           </Button>
-                          <div className="flex-1 h-1 bg-primary/30 rounded">
-                            <div className="w-0 h-full bg-primary rounded" />
+                          <div className="flex-1 h-2 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                            <div
+                              className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                              style={{ width: playingVoiceId === comment.id ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                            />
                           </div>
-                          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                            {formatTime(comment.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums shrink-0">
+                            {playingVoiceId === comment.id
+                              ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(comment.voiceDuration || 0)}`
+                              : formatTime(comment.voiceDuration || 0)}
                           </span>
+                          {playingVoiceId === comment.id && (
+                            <button
+                              onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                              className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                            >
+                              {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                            </button>
+                          )}
                         </div>
                       )}
 
@@ -933,7 +1234,42 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
                                     </div>
                                   </div>
                                 ) : (
-                                  <p className="text-sm">{reply.content}</p>
+                                  reply.content && <p className="text-sm">{reply.content}</p>
+                                )}
+                                {reply.voiceUrl && (
+                                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-1.5 bg-muted rounded mt-1">
+                                    <Button
+                                      size="icon"
+                                      variant="ghost"
+                                      className="h-6 w-6 shrink-0"
+                                      onClick={() => playVoice(reply.id, reply.voiceUrl!, reply.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                                    >
+                                      {playingVoiceId === reply.id ? (
+                                        <Pause className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                      ) : (
+                                        <Play className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                      )}
+                                    </Button>
+                                    <div className="flex-1 h-1.5 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                                      <div
+                                        className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                                        style={{ width: playingVoiceId === reply.id ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                                      />
+                                    </div>
+                                    <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums shrink-0">
+                                      {playingVoiceId === reply.id
+                                        ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(reply.voiceDuration || 0)}`
+                                        : formatTime(reply.voiceDuration || 0)}
+                                    </span>
+                                    {playingVoiceId === reply.id && (
+                                      <button
+                                        onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                                        className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                                      >
+                                        {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                                      </button>
+                                    )}
+                                  </div>
                                 )}
                               </div>
                             );
@@ -944,41 +1280,126 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
                       {/* Inline reply form */}
                       {isReplying && (
                         <div className="mt-3 pl-3 border-l-2">
-                          <Textarea
-                            value={replyText}
-                            onChange={(e) => setReplyText(e.target.value)}
-                            placeholder="Write a reply..."
-                            rows={2}
-                            className="resize-none text-sm mb-1"
-                            autoFocus
-                            onKeyDown={(e) => {
-                              if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
-                                handleReplyComment(comment.id);
-                              }
-                              if (e.key === 'Escape') {
-                                setReplyingTo(null);
-                                setReplyText('');
-                              }
-                            }}
-                          />
-                          <div className="flex gap-1">
-                            <Button
-                              size="sm"
-                              onClick={() => handleReplyComment(comment.id)}
-                              disabled={!replyText.trim() || isSubmittingReply}
-                              className="h-7 text-xs"
-                            >
-                              {isSubmittingReply ? <Loader2 className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" /> : 'Reply'}
-                            </Button>
-                            <Button
-                              size="sm"
-                              variant="ghost"
-                              onClick={() => { setReplyingTo(null); setReplyText(''); }}
-                              className="h-7 text-xs"
-                            >
-                              Cancel
-                            </Button>
-                          </div>
+                          {isReplyRecording ? (
+                            <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-destructive/10 border border-destructive/30 rounded-lg mb-1">
+                              <div className="h-2 w-2 rounded-full bg-destructive animate-pulse" />
+                              <span className="text-xs font-medium text-destructive">
+                                {formatTime(replyRecordingTime)}
+                              </span>
+                              <div className="flex-1" />
+                              <Button size="sm" variant="destructive" onClick={stopReplyRecording} className="h-6 text-xs">
+                                Stop
+                              </Button>
+                              <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={cancelReplyRecording} className="h-6 text-xs">
+                                <X className="h-3 w-3" />
+                              </Button>
+                            </div>
+                          ) : replyAudioBlob ? (
+                            <div className="space-y-1 mb-1">
+                              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-muted rounded-lg">
+                                <Button
+                                  size="icon"
+                                  variant="ghost"
+                                  className="h-6 w-6"
+                                  onClick={() => {
+                                    const url = URL.createObjectURL(replyAudioBlob);
+                                    playVoice('reply-preview', url, replyRecordingTime);
+                                  }}
+                                >
+                                  {playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview' ? <Pause className="h-3 w-3" /> : <Play className="h-3 w-3" />}
+                                </Button>
+                                <div className="flex-1 h-1.5 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                                  <div
+                                    className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                                    style={{ width: playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview' ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                                  />
+                                </div>
+                                <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums">
+                                  {playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview'
+                                    ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(replyRecordingTime)}`
+                                    : formatTime(replyRecordingTime)}
+                                </span>
+                                {playingVoiceId === 'reply-preview' && (
+                                  <button
+                                    onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                                    className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                                  >
+                                    {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                                  </button>
+                                )}
+                                <Button size="icon" variant="ghost" className="h-6 w-6" onClick={cancelReplyRecording}>
+                                  <X className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                </Button>
+                              </div>
+                              <Textarea
+                                value={replyText}
+                                onChange={(e) => setReplyText(e.target.value)}
+                                placeholder="Add a note (optional)..."
+                                rows={1}
+                                className="resize-none text-sm"
+                              />
+                              <div className="flex gap-1">
+                                <Button
+                                  size="sm"
+                                  onClick={() => submitVoiceReply(comment.id)}
+                                  disabled={isUploadingReplyAudio}
+                                  className="h-7 text-xs"
+                                >
+                                  {isUploadingReplyAudio ? <Loader2 className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" /> : 'Send Voice Reply'}
+                                </Button>
+                                <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={cancelReplyRecording} className="h-7 text-xs">Cancel</Button>
+                              </div>
+                            </div>
+                          ) : (
+                            <>
+                              <div className="flex gap-1">
+                                <Textarea
+                                  value={replyText}
+                                  onChange={(e) => setReplyText(e.target.value)}
+                                  placeholder="Write a reply..."
+                                  rows={2}
+                                  className="resize-none text-sm flex-1"
+                                  autoFocus
+                                  onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                                    if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
+                                      handleReplyComment(comment.id);
+                                    }
+                                    if (e.key === 'Escape') {
+                                      setReplyingTo(null);
+                                      setReplyText('');
+                                    }
+                                  }}
+                                />
+                                <Button
+                                  size="icon"
+                                  variant="outline"
+                                  onClick={startReplyRecording}
+                                  title="Record voice reply"
+                                  className="h-8 w-8 shrink-0 self-end"
+                                >
+                                  <Mic className="h-3 w-3" />
+                                </Button>
+                              </div>
+                              <div className="flex gap-1 mt-1">
+                                <Button
+                                  size="sm"
+                                  onClick={() => handleReplyComment(comment.id)}
+                                  disabled={!replyText.trim() || isSubmittingReply}
+                                  className="h-7 text-xs"
+                                >
+                                  {isSubmittingReply ? <Loader2 className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" /> : 'Reply'}
+                                </Button>
+                                <Button
+                                  size="sm"
+                                  variant="ghost"
+                                  onClick={() => { setReplyingTo(null); setReplyText(''); }}
+                                  className="h-7 text-xs"
+                                >
+                                  Cancel
+                                </Button>
+                              </div>
+                            </>
+                          )}
                         </div>
                       )}
 
@@ -1002,52 +1423,152 @@ export default function WatchPage() {
           <div className="shrink-0 p-4 border-t bg-background">
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
               <Button
-                variant="outline"
+                variant={selectedTimestamp !== null ? 'default' : 'outline'}
                 size="sm"
-                onClick={() => setSelectedTimestamp(currentTime)}
-                className={cn(selectedTimestamp !== null && 'border-primary')}
+                onClick={() => {
+                  if (selectedTimestamp !== null) {
+                    setSelectedTimestamp(null);
+                  } else {
+                    setSelectedTimestamp(currentTime);
+                  }
+                }}
               >
                 <Clock className="h-4 w-4 mr-1" />
                 {selectedTimestamp !== null ? formatTime(selectedTimestamp) : formatTime(currentTime)}
+                {selectedTimestamp !== null && <X className="h-3 w-3 ml-1" />}
               </Button>
-              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Pin to this time</span>
+              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                {selectedTimestamp !== null ? 'Pinned — click to unpin' : 'Pin to this time'}
+              </span>
             </div>
 
-            <div className="flex gap-2">
-              <Textarea
-                placeholder="Add a comment..."
-                value={commentText}
-                onChange={(e) => setCommentText(e.target.value)}
-                rows={2}
-                className="resize-none text-sm"
-                onKeyDown={(e) => {
-                  if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
-                    handleAddComment();
-                  }
-                }}
-              />
-              <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-                <Button
-                  size="icon"
-                  onClick={handleAddComment}
-                  disabled={!commentText.trim() || isSubmittingComment}
-                >
-                  {isSubmittingComment ? (
-                    <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
-                  ) : (
-                    <Send className="h-4 w-4" />
-                  )}
+            {/* Recording state UI */}
+            {isRecording ? (
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3 bg-destructive/10 border border-destructive/30 rounded-lg">
+                <div className="h-3 w-3 rounded-full bg-destructive animate-pulse" />
+                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-destructive">
+                  Recording {formatTime(recordingTime)}
+                </span>
+                <div className="flex-1" />
+                <Button size="sm" variant="destructive" onClick={stopRecording}>
+                  Stop
                 </Button>
-                <Button
-                  size="icon"
-                  variant={isRecording ? 'destructive' : 'outline'}
-                  onClick={() => setIsRecording(!isRecording)}
-                >
-                  <Mic className={cn('h-4 w-4', isRecording && 'animate-pulse')} />
+                <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={cancelRecording}>
+                  <X className="h-4 w-4" />
                 </Button>
               </div>
-            </div>
-            <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">Cmd+Enter to submit</p>
+            ) : audioBlob ? (
+              <div className="space-y-2">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3 bg-muted rounded-lg">
+                  <Button
+                    size="icon"
+                    variant="ghost"
+                    className="h-8 w-8"
+                    onClick={() => {
+                      const url = URL.createObjectURL(audioBlob);
+                      playVoice('preview', url, recordingTime);
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    {playingVoiceId === 'preview' ? (
+                      <Pause className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    ) : (
+                      <Play className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    )}
+                  </Button>
+                  <div className="flex-1 h-2 bg-primary/20 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
+                    <div
+                      className="h-full bg-primary rounded-full"
+                      style={{ width: playingVoiceId === 'preview' ? `${voiceProgress}%` : '0%' }}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                  <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground tabular-nums">
+                    {playingVoiceId === 'preview'
+                      ? `${formatTime(voiceCurrentTime)} / ${formatTime(recordingTime)}`
+                      : formatTime(recordingTime)}
+                  </span>
+                  {playingVoiceId === 'preview' && (
+                    <button
+                      onClick={toggleVoiceSpeed}
+                      className="text-[10px] font-bold px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted hover:bg-muted-foreground/20 tabular-nums shrink-0"
+                    >
+                      {voicePlaybackRate}x
+                    </button>
+                  )}
+                  <Button
+                    size="icon"
+                    variant="ghost"
+                    className="h-8 w-8"
+                    onClick={cancelRecording}
+                  >
+                    <X className="h-4 w-4" />
+                  </Button>
+                </div>
+                <Textarea
+                  placeholder="Add a note to your voice comment (optional)..."
+                  value={commentText}
+                  onChange={(e) => setCommentText(e.target.value)}
+                  rows={1}
+                  className="resize-none text-sm"
+                />
+                <Button
+                  size="sm"
+                  onClick={submitVoiceComment}
+                  disabled={isUploadingAudio}
+                  className="w-full"
+                >
+                  {isUploadingAudio ? (
+                    <>
+                      <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin mr-2" />
+                      Uploading...
+                    </>
+                  ) : (
+                    <>
+                      <Send className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
+                      Send Voice Comment
+                    </>
+                  )}
+                </Button>
+              </div>
+            ) : (
+              <>
+                <div className="flex gap-2">
+                  <Textarea
+                    placeholder="Add a comment..."
+                    value={commentText}
+                    onChange={(e) => setCommentText(e.target.value)}
+                    rows={2}
+                    className="resize-none text-sm"
+                    onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                      if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
+                        handleAddComment();
+                      }
+                    }}
+                  />
+                  <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
+                    <Button
+                      size="icon"
+                      onClick={() => handleAddComment()}
+                      disabled={!commentText.trim() || isSubmittingComment}
+                    >
+                      {isSubmittingComment ? (
+                        <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
+                      ) : (
+                        <Send className="h-4 w-4" />
+                      )}
+                    </Button>
+                    <Button
+                      size="icon"
+                      variant="outline"
+                      onClick={startRecording}
+                      title="Record voice comment"
+                    >
+                      <Mic className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    </Button>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">Cmd+Enter to submit</p>
+              </>
+            )}
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/bun.lock b/bun.lock
index a5f7d8d..63a8609 100644
--- a/bun.lock
+++ b/bun.lock
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
       "name": "openframe",
       "dependencies": {
         "@auth/prisma-adapter": "^2.11.1",
+        "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.985.0",
         "@base-ui/react": "^1.1.0",
         "@prisma/adapter-pg": "^7.3.0",
         "@prisma/client": "^7.3.0",
@@ -55,6 +56,88 @@
 
     "@auth/prisma-adapter": ["@auth/prisma-adapter@2.11.1", "", { "dependencies": { "@auth/core": "0.41.1" }, "peerDependencies": { "@prisma/client": ">=2.26.0 || >=3 || >=4 || >=5 || >=6" } }, "sha512-Ke7DXP0Fy0Mlmjz/ZJLXwQash2UkA4621xCM0rMtEczr1kppLc/njCbUkHkIQ/PnmILjqSPEKeTjDPsYruvkug=="],
 
+    "@aws-crypto/crc32": ["@aws-crypto/crc32@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/util": "^5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.222.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-nLbCWqQNgUiwwtFsen1AdzAtvuLRsQS8rYgMuxCrdKf9kOssamGLuPwyTY9wyYblNr9+1XM8v6zoDTPPSIeANg=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/crc32c": ["@aws-crypto/crc32c@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/util": "^5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.222.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-+iWb8qaHLYKrNvGRbiYRHSdKRWhto5XlZUEBwDjYNf+ly5SVYG6zEoYIdxvf5R3zyeP16w4PLBn3rH1xc74Rag=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/sha1-browser": ["@aws-crypto/sha1-browser@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/supports-web-crypto": "^5.2.0", "@aws-crypto/util": "^5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.222.0", "@aws-sdk/util-locate-window": "^3.0.0", "@smithy/util-utf8": "^2.0.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-OH6lveCFfcDjX4dbAvCFSYUjJZjDr/3XJ3xHtjn3Oj5b9RjojQo8npoLeA/bNwkOkrSQ0wgrHzXk4tDRxGKJeg=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/sha256-browser": ["@aws-crypto/sha256-browser@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/sha256-js": "^5.2.0", "@aws-crypto/supports-web-crypto": "^5.2.0", "@aws-crypto/util": "^5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.222.0", "@aws-sdk/util-locate-window": "^3.0.0", "@smithy/util-utf8": "^2.0.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-AXfN/lGotSQwu6HNcEsIASo7kWXZ5HYWvfOmSNKDsEqC4OashTp8alTmaz+F7TC2L083SFv5RdB+qU3Vs1kZqw=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/sha256-js": ["@aws-crypto/sha256-js@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/util": "^5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.222.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-FFQQyu7edu4ufvIZ+OadFpHHOt+eSTBaYaki44c+akjg7qZg9oOQeLlk77F6tSYqjDAFClrHJk9tMf0HdVyOvA=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/supports-web-crypto": ["@aws-crypto/supports-web-crypto@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-iAvUotm021kM33eCdNfwIN//F77/IADDSs58i+MDaOqFrVjZo9bAal0NK7HurRuWLLpF1iLX7gbWrjHjeo+YFg=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/util": ["@aws-crypto/util@5.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.222.0", "@smithy/util-utf8": "^2.0.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-4RkU9EsI6ZpBve5fseQlGNUWKMa1RLPQ1dnjnQoe07ldfIzcsGb5hC5W0Dm7u423KWzawlrpbjXBrXCEv9zazQ=="],
+
+    "@aws-sdk/client-s3": ["@aws-sdk/client-s3@3.985.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/sha1-browser": "5.2.0", "@aws-crypto/sha256-browser": "5.2.0", "@aws-crypto/sha256-js": "5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/core": "^3.973.7", "@aws-sdk/credential-provider-node": "^3.972.6", "@aws-sdk/middleware-bucket-endpoint": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-expect-continue": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-flexible-checksums": "^3.972.5", "@aws-sdk/middleware-host-header": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-location-constraint": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-logger": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-recursion-detection": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-sdk-s3": "^3.972.7", "@aws-sdk/middleware-ssec": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-user-agent": "^3.972.7", "@aws-sdk/region-config-resolver": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/signature-v4-multi-region": "3.985.0", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.973.1", "@aws-sdk/util-endpoints": "3.985.0", "@aws-sdk/util-user-agent-browser": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/util-user-agent-node": "^3.972.5", "@smithy/config-resolver": "^4.4.6", "@smithy/core": "^3.22.1", "@smithy/eventstream-serde-browser": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/eventstream-serde-config-resolver": "^4.3.8", "@smithy/eventstream-serde-node": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/fetch-http-handler": "^5.3.9", "@smithy/hash-blob-browser": "^4.2.9", "@smithy/hash-node": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/hash-stream-node": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/invalid-dependency": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/md5-js": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/middleware-content-length": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/middleware-endpoint": "^4.4.13", "@smithy/middleware-retry": "^4.4.30", "@smithy/middleware-serde": "^4.2.9", "@smithy/middleware-stack": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/node-config-provider": "^4.3.8", "@smithy/node-http-handler": "^4.4.9", "@smithy/protocol-http": "^5.3.8", "@smithy/smithy-client": "^4.11.2", "@smithy/types": "^4.12.0", "@smithy/url-parser": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-base64": "^4.3.0", "@smithy/util-body-length-browser": "^4.2.0", "@smithy/util-body-length-node": "^4.2.1", "@smithy/util-defaults-mode-browser": "^4.3.29", "@smithy/util-defaults-mode-node": "^4.2.32", "@smithy/util-endpoints": "^3.2.8", "@smithy/util-middleware": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-retry": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-stream": "^4.5.11", "@smithy/util-utf8": "^4.2.0", "@smithy/util-waiter": "^4.2.8", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-S9TqjzzZEEIKBnC7yFpvqM7CG9ALpY5qhQ5BnDBJtdG20NoGpjKLGUUfD2wmZItuhbrcM4Z8c6m6Fg0XYIOVvw=="],
+
+    "@aws-sdk/client-sso": ["@aws-sdk/client-sso@3.985.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-crypto/sha256-browser": "5.2.0", "@aws-crypto/sha256-js": "5.2.0", "@aws-sdk/core": "^3.973.7", "@aws-sdk/middleware-host-header": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-logger": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-recursion-detection": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/middleware-user-agent": "^3.972.7", "@aws-sdk/region-config-resolver": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.973.1", "@aws-sdk/util-endpoints": "3.985.0", "@aws-sdk/util-user-agent-browser": "^3.972.3", "@aws-sdk/util-user-agent-node": "^3.972.5", "@smithy/config-resolver": "^4.4.6", "@smithy/core": "^3.22.1", "@smithy/fetch-http-handler": "^5.3.9", "@smithy/hash-node": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/invalid-dependency": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/middleware-content-length": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/middleware-endpoint": "^4.4.13", "@smithy/middleware-retry": "^4.4.30", "@smithy/middleware-serde": "^4.2.9", "@smithy/middleware-stack": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/node-config-provider": "^4.3.8", "@smithy/node-http-handler": "^4.4.9", "@smithy/protocol-http": "^5.3.8", "@smithy/smithy-client": "^4.11.2", "@smithy/types": "^4.12.0", "@smithy/url-parser": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-base64": "^4.3.0", "@smithy/util-body-length-browser": "^4.2.0", "@smithy/util-body-length-node": "^4.2.1", "@smithy/util-defaults-mode-browser": "^4.3.29", "@smithy/util-defaults-mode-node": "^4.2.32", "@smithy/util-endpoints": "^3.2.8", "@smithy/util-middleware": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-retry": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-utf8": "^4.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-81J8iE8MuXhdbMfIz4sWFj64Pe41bFi/uqqmqOC5SlGv+kwoyLsyKS/rH2tW2t5buih4vTUxskRjxlqikTD4oQ=="],
+
+    "@aws-sdk/core": ["@aws-sdk/core@3.973.7", "", { "dependencies": { "@aws-sdk/types": "^3.973.1", "@aws-sdk/xml-builder": "^3.972.4", "@smithy/core": "^3.22.1", "@smithy/node-config-provider": "^4.3.8", "@smithy/property-provider": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/protocol-http": "^5.3.8", "@smithy/signature-v4": "^5.3.8", "@smithy/smithy-client": "^4.11.2", "@smithy/types": "^4.12.0", "@smithy/util-base64": "^4.3.0", "@smithy/util-middleware": "^4.2.8", "@smithy/util-utf8": "^4.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-wNZZQQNlJ+hzD49cKdo+PY6rsTDElO8yDImnrI69p2PLBa7QomeUKAJWYp9xnaR38nlHqWhMHZuYLCQ3oSX+xg=="],
+
+    "@aws-sdk/crc64-nvme": ["@aws-sdk/crc64-nvme@3.972.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/types": "^4.12.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-ThlLhTqX68jvoIVv+pryOdb5coP1cX1/MaTbB9xkGDCbWbsqQcLqzPxuSoW1DCnAAIacmXCWpzUNOB9pv+xXQw=="],
+
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@@ -453,6 +536,108 @@
 
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@@ -631,6 +816,8 @@
 
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+
     "brace-expansion": ["brace-expansion@1.1.12", "", { "dependencies": { "balanced-match": "^1.0.0", "concat-map": "0.0.1" } }, "sha512-9T9UjW3r0UW5c1Q7GTwllptXwhvYmEzFhzMfZ9H7FQWt+uZePjZPjBP/W1ZEyZ1twGWom5/56TF4lPcqjnDHcg=="],
 
     "braces": ["braces@3.0.3", "", { "dependencies": { "fill-range": "^7.1.1" } }, "sha512-yQbXgO/OSZVD2IsiLlro+7Hf6Q18EJrKSEsdoMzKePKXct3gvD8oLcOQdIzGupr5Fj+EDe8gO/lxc1BzfMpxvA=="],
@@ -863,6 +1050,8 @@
 
     "fast-uri": ["fast-uri@3.1.0", "", {}, "sha512-iPeeDKJSWf4IEOasVVrknXpaBV0IApz/gp7S2bb7Z4Lljbl2MGJRqInZiUrQwV16cpzw/D3S5j5Julj/gT52AA=="],
 
+    "fast-xml-parser": ["fast-xml-parser@5.3.4", "", { "dependencies": { "strnum": "^2.1.0" }, "bin": { "fxparser": "src/cli/cli.js" } }, "sha512-EFd6afGmXlCx8H8WTZHhAoDaWaGyuIBoZJ2mknrNxug+aZKjkp0a0dlars9Izl+jF+7Gu1/5f/2h68cQpe0IiA=="],
+
     "fastq": ["fastq@1.20.1", "", { "dependencies": { "reusify": "^1.0.4" } }, "sha512-GGToxJ/w1x32s/D2EKND7kTil4n8OVk/9mycTc4VDza13lOvpUZTGX3mFSCtV9ksdGBVzvsyAVLM6mHFThxXxw=="],
 
     "fdir": ["fdir@6.5.0", "", { "peerDependencies": { "picomatch": "^3 || ^4" }, "optionalPeers": ["picomatch"] }, "sha512-tIbYtZbucOs0BRGqPJkshJUYdL+SDH7dVM8gjy+ERp3WAUjLEFJE+02kanyHtwjWOnwrKYBiwAmM0p4kLJAnXg=="],
@@ -1509,6 +1698,8 @@
 
     "strip-json-comments": ["strip-json-comments@3.1.1", "", {}, "sha512-6fPc+R4ihwqP6N/aIv2f1gMH8lOVtWQHoqC4yK6oSDVVocumAsfCqjkXnqiYMhmMwS/mEHLp7Vehlt3ql6lEig=="],
 
+    "strnum": ["strnum@2.1.2", "", {}, "sha512-l63NF9y/cLROq/yqKXSLtcMeeyOfnSQlfMSlzFt/K73oIaD8DGaQWd7Z34X9GPiKqP5rbSh84Hl4bOlLcjiSrQ=="],
+
     "styled-jsx": ["styled-jsx@5.1.6", "", { "dependencies": { "client-only": "0.0.1" }, "peerDependencies": { "react": ">= 16.8.0 || 17.x.x || ^18.0.0-0 || ^19.0.0-0" } }, "sha512-qSVyDTeMotdvQYoHWLNGwRFJHC+i+ZvdBRYosOFgC+Wg1vx4frN2/RG/NA7SYqqvKNLf39P2LSRA2pu6n0XYZA=="],
 
     "supports-color": ["supports-color@7.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "has-flag": "^4.0.0" } }, "sha512-qpCAvRl9stuOHveKsn7HncJRvv501qIacKzQlO/+Lwxc9+0q2wLyv4Dfvt80/DPn2pqOBsJdDiogXGR9+OvwRw=="],
@@ -1645,6 +1836,12 @@
 
     "zod-validation-error": ["zod-validation-error@4.0.2", "", { "peerDependencies": { "zod": "^3.25.0 || ^4.0.0" } }, "sha512-Q6/nZLe6jxuU80qb/4uJ4t5v2VEZ44lzQjPDhYJNztRQ4wyWc6VF3D3Kb/fAuPetZQnhS3hnajCf9CsWesghLQ=="],
 
+    "@aws-crypto/sha1-browser/@smithy/util-utf8": ["@smithy/util-utf8@2.3.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/util-buffer-from": "^2.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-R8Rdn8Hy72KKcebgLiv8jQcQkXoLMOGGv5uI1/k0l+snqkOzQ1R0ChUBCxWMlBsFMekWjq0wRudIweFs7sKT5A=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/sha256-browser/@smithy/util-utf8": ["@smithy/util-utf8@2.3.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/util-buffer-from": "^2.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-R8Rdn8Hy72KKcebgLiv8jQcQkXoLMOGGv5uI1/k0l+snqkOzQ1R0ChUBCxWMlBsFMekWjq0wRudIweFs7sKT5A=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/util/@smithy/util-utf8": ["@smithy/util-utf8@2.3.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/util-buffer-from": "^2.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-R8Rdn8Hy72KKcebgLiv8jQcQkXoLMOGGv5uI1/k0l+snqkOzQ1R0ChUBCxWMlBsFMekWjq0wRudIweFs7sKT5A=="],
+
     "@dotenvx/dotenvx/commander": ["commander@11.1.0", "", {}, "sha512-yPVavfyCcRhmorC7rWlkHn15b4wDVgVmBA7kV4QVBsF7kv/9TKJAbAXVTxvTnwP8HHKjRCJDClKbciiYS7p0DQ=="],
 
     "@dotenvx/dotenvx/execa": ["execa@5.1.1", "", { "dependencies": { "cross-spawn": "^7.0.3", "get-stream": "^6.0.0", "human-signals": "^2.1.0", "is-stream": "^2.0.0", "merge-stream": "^2.0.0", "npm-run-path": "^4.0.1", "onetime": "^5.1.2", "signal-exit": "^3.0.3", "strip-final-newline": "^2.0.0" } }, "sha512-8uSpZZocAZRBAPIEINJj3Lo9HyGitllczc27Eh5YYojjMFMn8yHMDMaUHE2Jqfq05D/wucwI4JGURyXt1vchyg=="],
@@ -1753,6 +1950,12 @@
 
     "yargs/string-width": ["string-width@4.2.3", "", { "dependencies": { "emoji-regex": "^8.0.0", "is-fullwidth-code-point": "^3.0.0", "strip-ansi": "^6.0.1" } }, "sha512-wKyQRQpjJ0sIp62ErSZdGsjMJWsap5oRNihHhu6G7JVO/9jIB6UyevL+tXuOqrng8j/cxKTWyWUwvSTriiZz/g=="],
 
+    "@aws-crypto/sha1-browser/@smithy/util-utf8/@smithy/util-buffer-from": ["@smithy/util-buffer-from@2.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/is-array-buffer": "^2.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-IJdWBbTcMQ6DA0gdNhh/BwrLkDR+ADW5Kr1aZmd4k3DIF6ezMV4R2NIAmT08wQJ3yUK82thHWmC/TnK/wpMMIA=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/sha256-browser/@smithy/util-utf8/@smithy/util-buffer-from": ["@smithy/util-buffer-from@2.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/is-array-buffer": "^2.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-IJdWBbTcMQ6DA0gdNhh/BwrLkDR+ADW5Kr1aZmd4k3DIF6ezMV4R2NIAmT08wQJ3yUK82thHWmC/TnK/wpMMIA=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/util/@smithy/util-utf8/@smithy/util-buffer-from": ["@smithy/util-buffer-from@2.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@smithy/is-array-buffer": "^2.2.0", "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-IJdWBbTcMQ6DA0gdNhh/BwrLkDR+ADW5Kr1aZmd4k3DIF6ezMV4R2NIAmT08wQJ3yUK82thHWmC/TnK/wpMMIA=="],
+
     "@dotenvx/dotenvx/execa/get-stream": ["get-stream@6.0.1", "", {}, "sha512-ts6Wi+2j3jQjqi70w5AlN8DFnkSwC+MqmxEzdEALB2qXZYV3X/b1CTfgPLGJNMeAWxdPfU8FO1ms3NUfaHCPYg=="],
 
     "@dotenvx/dotenvx/execa/human-signals": ["human-signals@2.1.0", "", {}, "sha512-B4FFZ6q/T2jhhksgkbEW3HBvWIfDW85snkQgawt07S7J5QXTk6BkNV+0yAeZrM5QpMAdYlocGoljn0sJ/WQkFw=="],
@@ -1791,6 +1994,12 @@
 
     "yargs/string-width/strip-ansi": ["strip-ansi@6.0.1", "", { "dependencies": { "ansi-regex": "^5.0.1" } }, "sha512-Y38VPSHcqkFrCpFnQ9vuSXmquuv5oXOKpGeT6aGrr3o3Gc9AlVa6JBfUSOCnbxGGZF+/0ooI7KrPuUSztUdU5A=="],
 
+    "@aws-crypto/sha1-browser/@smithy/util-utf8/@smithy/util-buffer-from/@smithy/is-array-buffer": ["@smithy/is-array-buffer@2.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-GGP3O9QFD24uGeAXYUjwSTXARoqpZykHadOmA8G5vfJPK0/DC67qa//0qvqrJzL1xc8WQWX7/yc7fwudjPHPhA=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/sha256-browser/@smithy/util-utf8/@smithy/util-buffer-from/@smithy/is-array-buffer": ["@smithy/is-array-buffer@2.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-GGP3O9QFD24uGeAXYUjwSTXARoqpZykHadOmA8G5vfJPK0/DC67qa//0qvqrJzL1xc8WQWX7/yc7fwudjPHPhA=="],
+
+    "@aws-crypto/util/@smithy/util-utf8/@smithy/util-buffer-from/@smithy/is-array-buffer": ["@smithy/is-array-buffer@2.2.0", "", { "dependencies": { "tslib": "^2.6.2" } }, "sha512-GGP3O9QFD24uGeAXYUjwSTXARoqpZykHadOmA8G5vfJPK0/DC67qa//0qvqrJzL1xc8WQWX7/yc7fwudjPHPhA=="],
+
     "yargs/string-width/strip-ansi/ansi-regex": ["ansi-regex@5.0.1", "", {}, "sha512-quJQXlTSUGL2LH9SUXo8VwsY4soanhgo6LNSm84E1LBcE8s3O0wpdiRzyR9z/ZZJMlMWv37qOOb9pdJlMUEKFQ=="],
   }
 }
diff --git a/lib/r2-cleanup.ts b/lib/r2-cleanup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c773e33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/r2-cleanup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import { DeleteObjectCommand } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+import { r2Client, R2_BUCKET_NAME } from '@/lib/r2';
+import { db } from '@/lib/db';
+
+/** The path prefix for audio URLs served by the upload API. */
+const AUDIO_PATH_PREFIX = '/api/upload/audio/';
+
+/**
+ * Extract the R2 object key from a voice URL like /api/upload/audio/filename.webm.
+ * Uses string parsing instead of regex to avoid ReDoS risk on untrusted input.
+ */
+function voiceUrlToKey(url: string): string | null {
+    const idx = url.indexOf(AUDIO_PATH_PREFIX);
+    if (idx === -1) return null;
+    const filename = url.slice(idx + AUDIO_PATH_PREFIX.length);
+    return filename ? `voice/${filename}` : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Delete a list of voice files from R2 (best-effort, logs failures).
+ */
+async function deleteVoiceFiles(voiceUrls: string[]) {
+    for (const url of voiceUrls) {
+        try {
+            const key = voiceUrlToKey(url);
+            if (key) {
+                await r2Client.send(
+                    new DeleteObjectCommand({ Bucket: R2_BUCKET_NAME, Key: key })
+                );
+            }
+        } catch (err) {
+            console.error('Failed to delete audio from R2:', err);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Collect all voice URLs from comments under a given video (all versions).
+ */
+export async function collectVideoVoiceUrls(videoId: string): Promise<string[]> {
+    const comments = await db.comment.findMany({
+        where: {
+            voiceUrl: { not: null },
+            version: { videoParentId: videoId },
+        },
+        select: { voiceUrl: true },
+    });
+    return comments.map((c) => c.voiceUrl).filter(Boolean) as string[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Collect all voice URLs from comments under all videos in a project.
+ */
+export async function collectProjectVoiceUrls(projectId: string): Promise<string[]> {
+    const comments = await db.comment.findMany({
+        where: {
+            voiceUrl: { not: null },
+            version: { video: { projectId } },
+        },
+        select: { voiceUrl: true },
+    });
+    return comments.map((c) => c.voiceUrl).filter(Boolean) as string[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Collect all voice URLs from comments under all projects in a workspace.
+ */
+export async function collectWorkspaceVoiceUrls(workspaceId: string): Promise<string[]> {
+    const comments = await db.comment.findMany({
+        where: {
+            voiceUrl: { not: null },
+            version: { video: { project: { workspaceId } } },
+        },
+        select: { voiceUrl: true },
+    });
+    return comments.map((c) => c.voiceUrl).filter(Boolean) as string[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Delete all voice files for a video from R2.
+ * Call BEFORE deleting the video from the database (cascade would remove comment rows).
+ */
+export async function cleanupVideoVoiceFiles(videoId: string) {
+    const urls = await collectVideoVoiceUrls(videoId);
+    await deleteVoiceFiles(urls);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Delete all voice files for a project from R2.
+ * Call BEFORE deleting the project from the database.
+ */
+export async function cleanupProjectVoiceFiles(projectId: string) {
+    const urls = await collectProjectVoiceUrls(projectId);
+    await deleteVoiceFiles(urls);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Delete all voice files for a workspace from R2.
+ * Call BEFORE deleting the workspace from the database.
+ */
+export async function cleanupWorkspaceVoiceFiles(workspaceId: string) {
+    const urls = await collectWorkspaceVoiceUrls(workspaceId);
+    await deleteVoiceFiles(urls);
+}
diff --git a/lib/r2.ts b/lib/r2.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..478f66d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/r2.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { S3Client, PutObjectCommand, GetObjectCommand } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+
+const R2_ACCOUNT_ID = process.env.R2_ACCOUNT_ID!;
+const R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID = process.env.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID!;
+const R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = process.env.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY!;
+const R2_BUCKET_NAME = process.env.R2_BUCKET_NAME!;
+const R2_ENDPOINT = process.env.R2_ENDPOINT;
+
+export const r2Client = new S3Client({
+  region: 'auto',
+  endpoint: R2_ENDPOINT || `https://${R2_ACCOUNT_ID}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com`,
+  credentials: {
+    accessKeyId: R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
+    secretAccessKey: R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
+  },
+});
+
+export async function uploadAudio(
+  buffer: Buffer,
+  filename: string,
+  contentType: string = 'audio/webm'
+): Promise<string> {
+  // Sanitize: strip any path components, use only the basename
+  const sanitized = filename.replace(/^.*[\\/]/, '').replace(/\.\.+/g, '');
+  if (!sanitized) throw new Error('Invalid filename');
+  const key = `voice/${sanitized}`;
+
+  await r2Client.send(
+    new PutObjectCommand({
+      Bucket: R2_BUCKET_NAME,
+      Key: key,
+      Body: buffer,
+      ContentType: contentType,
+    })
+  );
+
+  // R2 public URL — uses the R2.dev subdomain or custom domain
+  // For development, we use the R2.dev auto-generated URL
+  return `https://${R2_BUCKET_NAME}.${R2_ACCOUNT_ID}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com/${key}`;
+}
+
+export { R2_BUCKET_NAME };
diff --git a/lib/rate-limit.ts b/lib/rate-limit.ts
index 67a4624..0abff8a 100644
--- a/lib/rate-limit.ts
+++ b/lib/rate-limit.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { db } from '@/lib/db';
+import { NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 
 interface RateLimitConfig {
     windowMs: number;      // Time window in milliseconds
@@ -11,11 +12,29 @@ interface RateLimitResult {
     resetAt: Date;
 }
 
-// Default configs for different actions
+// Industry-standard rate limit defaults per action
 export const RATE_LIMIT_CONFIGS: Record<string, RateLimitConfig> = {
-    register: { windowMs: 60 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 5 },      // 5 per hour
-    login: { windowMs: 15 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 10 },        // 10 per 15 min
-    api: { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 100 },              // 100 per minute
+    // Auth — strict to prevent brute force / credential stuffing
+    register:       { windowMs: 60 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 5 },       // 5 per hour
+    login:          { windowMs: 15 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 10 },      // 10 per 15 min
+
+    // Content creation — moderate limits
+    comment:        { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 15 },           // 15 per minute
+    'voice-upload': { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 10 },           // 10 per minute
+    'create-project':   { windowMs: 60 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 20 },  // 20 per hour
+    'create-video':     { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 10 },       // 10 per minute
+    'create-version':   { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 10 },       // 10 per minute
+    'create-workspace': { windowMs: 60 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 10 },  // 10 per hour
+
+    // Member management
+    'invite-member':  { windowMs: 60 * 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 30 },    // 30 per hour
+    'manage-member':  { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 20 },         // 20 per minute
+
+    // Mutations (update/delete) — moderate
+    'mutate':         { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 30 },         // 30 per minute
+
+    // General reads — generous
+    api:              { windowMs: 60 * 1000, maxRequests: 100 },        // 100 per minute
 };
 
 /**
@@ -30,6 +49,13 @@ export async function checkRateLimit(
     const { windowMs, maxRequests } = config || RATE_LIMIT_CONFIGS[action] || RATE_LIMIT_CONFIGS.api;
     const windowSeconds = Math.floor(windowMs / 1000);
 
+    // Validate inputs before passing to query — defence in depth.
+    // Prisma's tagged template $queryRaw already parameterizes these values,
+    // but we enforce sane bounds to reject obviously malicious input.
+    if (key.length > 256 || action.length > 64) {
+        return { allowed: true, remaining: maxRequests, resetAt: new Date(Date.now() + windowMs) };
+    }
+
     try {
         // Atomic upsert with window check
         // If window expired, reset count; otherwise increment
@@ -72,18 +98,39 @@ export async function checkRateLimit(
     }
 }
 
+// Basic IP format validation — IPv4 or IPv6 (loose check, rejects obvious garbage)
+const IP_PATTERN = /^[\da-fA-F.:]+$/;
+
+function isPlausibleIp(value: string): boolean {
+    return value.length <= 45 && IP_PATTERN.test(value);
+}
+
 /**
- * Get client IP from request headers
- * Handles common proxy headers
+ * Get client IP from request headers.
+ *
+ * Header priority:
+ *  1. cf-connecting-ip  — set by Cloudflare (trusted proxy); cannot be spoofed by clients
+ *  2. x-forwarded-for   — first entry, trusted only behind a proxy that overwrites it
+ *  3. x-real-ip         — set by some reverse proxies (Nginx)
+ *  4. 127.0.0.1         — local development fallback
+ *
+ * Deployed behind Cloudflare, so cf-connecting-ip is the canonical source.
  */
 export function getClientIp(request: Request): string {
+    // Cloudflare always sets this to the true client IP
+    const cfIp = request.headers.get('cf-connecting-ip');
+    if (cfIp && isPlausibleIp(cfIp)) {
+        return cfIp;
+    }
+
     const forwardedFor = request.headers.get('x-forwarded-for');
     if (forwardedFor) {
-        return forwardedFor.split(',')[0].trim();
+        const first = forwardedFor.split(',')[0].trim();
+        if (isPlausibleIp(first)) return first;
     }
 
     const realIp = request.headers.get('x-real-ip');
-    if (realIp) {
+    if (realIp && isPlausibleIp(realIp)) {
         return realIp;
     }
 
@@ -112,3 +159,31 @@ export async function cleanupRateLimits(): Promise<void> {
         console.error('Rate limit cleanup failed:', error);
     }
 }
+
+/**
+ * One-call rate limit check that returns a 429 NextResponse if blocked, or null if allowed.
+ * Use at the top of any API handler:
+ *   const limited = await rateLimit(request, 'comment');
+ *   if (limited) return limited;
+ */
+export async function rateLimit(
+    request: Request,
+    action: string,
+    config?: RateLimitConfig
+): Promise<NextResponse | null> {
+    const ip = getClientIp(request);
+    const cfg = config || RATE_LIMIT_CONFIGS[action] || RATE_LIMIT_CONFIGS.api;
+    const result = await checkRateLimit(ip, action, cfg);
+
+    if (!result.allowed) {
+        return NextResponse.json(
+            { error: 'Too many requests. Please try again later.' },
+            {
+                status: 429,
+                headers: rateLimitHeaders(result, cfg.maxRequests),
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    return null;
+}
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 64523b0..5cf38b0 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@auth/prisma-adapter": "^2.11.1",
+    "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.985.0",
     "@base-ui/react": "^1.1.0",
     "@prisma/adapter-pg": "^7.3.0",
     "@prisma/client": "^7.3.0",